NIE Spain: How to Get A Foreign Identity Number in Spain

The NIE Spain (Número de Identificación de Extranjero), also known as Foreign Identity Number, is a unique tax identification number given to non-Spanish individuals. A NIE is not a residence permit, but it is needed when applying for one.

The Spanish NIE number serves foreign nationals as identification with Spanish authorities and is necessary for several legal actions, such as opening a bank account, purchasing real estate, starting a business, and submitting taxes.

This guide will cover everything you need to know about obtaining a Spanish NIE number, including what the NIE number is, the application process for residents and non-residents, and the required documentation.

In this guide, we will cover:

• What Is an NIE Number in Spain
• What is the NIE used for?
• Types of NIE Numbers
• Resident vs. Non-Resident NIE Spain
• Documents Needed to Apply for an NIE
• How to Get an NIE in Spain: Step-by-Step Guide
• How long does it take to get an NIE in Spain?
• NIE Number Spain Cost and Fees
• Renewing or Replacing Your NIE Card in Spain

What is an NIE Number in Spain?

 There are two main types of NIE in Spain: resident and non-resident. Both serve as identification numbers for foreigners, but the key difference lies in whether or not the person is legally living in Spain. If you plan to live in Spain long term, you will need a resident NIE, which is issued alongside or after getting a residence permit. Examples of residence permits include the Spain Digital Nomad Visa, the Spain Non-Lucrative Visa, or the Spain Highly Qualified Professional Visa. If you are not planning to live in Spain full time but need to handle legal or financial matters, such as buying property, you will need a non-resident NIE.

What is the Spanish NIE used for?

Possessing an NIE is mandatory for various activities in Spain, including:

• Purchasing property: An NIE is required to buy real estate in Spain.
• Employment: Both EU and non-EU citizens need an NIE to gain an employment contract in Spain.
• Financial transactions: Opening a bank account, obtaining a loan, or engaging in other financial activities necessitates an NIE.
• Tax obligations: The NIE is used to track tax payments and is required for filing taxes.
• Social security and healthcare: Registering for social security benefits and accessing public healthcare services require an NIE.
• Conduct business or investments: Required for setting up a business, buying shares, or registering a company.
• Inherit assets in Spain: Needed to pay inheritance tax and complete legal procedures.

Types of NIE numbers

As mentioned, there are two types of NIE: resident and non-resident. Both are identification numbers for foreigners, but the one you need depends on whether you live in Spain or just need to carry out legal or financial activities. Your plans and residency status will determine which type is right for you.

1. Non-Resident NIE

This type of NIE is for foreigners who do not live in Spain full-time but need the number for legal or financial activities, such as buying property, opening a bank account, or signing a contract. It does not grant the right to live or work in Spain, and it is issued through a Spanish consulate abroad or in Spain itself for administrative purposes. It’s ideal for those planning occasional stays or making investments without relocating.

2. Resident NIE

The resident NIE is issued to foreigners who live in Spain or plan to stay long-term. It is typically granted alongside or after receiving a residency permit such as a work visa, student visa, or family reunification permit. This NIE is tied to your residency status and allows full legal interaction with Spanish institutions, including employment, healthcare registration, and tax obligations as a resident.

Resident vs. Non-Resident NIE Spain

Documents Needed to Apply for a NIE

You must prepare all your documents to support your application when applying for a Spanish NIE (Número de Identificación de Extranjero) at a Spanish consular office. These are the documents needed.

• EX-15 application form: Complete it online (but don’t sign it yet). It must state your economic, professional, or social reason for applying.
• Proof of why you need a NIE: Any document that shows a valid reason (e.g., work contract, property purchase).
• Valid passport: Two passport-sized photos. Non-EU citizens: Carry your landing card, visa, or any other evidence that verifies their legal entry into Spain
• If using a representative: Provide their passport or ID (original and copy) and a power of attorney, apostilled, showing they’re allowed to apply for you.
• If the applicant is a minor: Include the family book or birth certificate/guardianship documentation, and the ID of the parent or guardian.
• Proof of residence: Show you live in the consular area where you apply.
• Form 790, Code 12: This is the tax form for paying the NIE application fee; it must be filled out correctly.

Spain NIE Application Process: Step-by-Step Guide

The NIE application process differs slightly depending on whether you are applying from inside or outside Spain, but it always involves an in-person appointment, specific documentation, and payment of a government fee. Below is a step-by-step guide outlining how to apply for an NIE.

1. Make an appointment

Online: To make an appointment for an NIE application, go to the Spanish Ministry of Interior website and follow the directions.

If outside Spain: Contact the Spanish diplomatic mission or consular office for your area and arrange an appointment according to their procedures.

2. Collect the necessary paperwork

Passport: Original passport and photocopies of the main identification pages.

Completed Application Form (EX-15): Download, complete, and sign the EX-15 application form in duplicate (only available in Spanish).

Proof of Purpose: Evidence showing why you need an NIE (e.g., property purchase contract, job offer, or investment documentation).

Proof of Payment: Pay the NIE processing fee (Modelo 790) at a bank and keep the proof.

Two passport-sized photos Non-EU citizens: Carry your landing card, visa, or any other evidence that verifies their legal entry into Spain.

3. Attend your appointment

Present all the required documents in person at the scheduled appointment at a local police station or extranjería office. The physical presence of the applicant or of their representative is mandatory in every case.

4. Obtain your NIE

After submitting your application and documents, you will receive your NIE number. The NIE is a number, not a physical card, and is tied to your residency in Spain.

NIE Spain online: Can you apply remotely?

There is no full online application process; however, you can apply remotely using the Spanish Embassy in your country or by allowing a legal representative in Spain to act on your behalf.

*Note: Even if you are not currently living in Spain, some embassies or consulates could still require you to have a Spanish address.

How long does it take to get an NIE in Spain?

The NIE is issued by Spain’s immigration and police authorities, not by the consulate itself. This means the consular office cannot speed up the process. It usually takes about three weeks to get your NIE, but sometimes it may take longer due to delays. Once ready, the NIE will be sent to you by email, so make sure to include a correct email address on your application form.

NIE Number Spain Cost and Fees

• General Cost: The first government application charge for an NIE number is approximately €11, however it may go as high as €15.
• Payment Method: You must use NIE Form 790 to pay the fee at a bank.

Extra Expenses:

• Notary Fees: You should budget between €150 and €300 if you require a notary to witness and sign your documents.
• Representation Fees: There may be extra charges to hire a representative.
• Legalisation Fees: There may be extra charges for some services.

Renewing or Replacing Your NIE Card Spain

To renew or replace your NIE card, you must make an appointment at the National Police Station, get the necessary paperwork ready, such as your passport, EX-15 form, proof of income, and payment for the fee, and adhere to local protocols.

How Can Global Citizen Solutions Help You?

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Frequently Asked Questions About NIE Spain

Can you get an NIE number without living in Spain?

Yes, non-residents can apply for an NIE from abroad through a Spanish consulate or by appointing a duly accredited representative in Spain.

What are the common issues when applying for NIE Spain online?

Common issues include appointment availability, website errors, incorrectly completed forms, and missing documentation required for the application.

Is there a difference between NIE and TIE in Spain?

Yes, the NIE is just an identification number, while the TIE (Tarjeta de Identidad de Extranjero) is a physical residence permit for non-Spanish citizens.

Can I work in Spain with just an NIE number?

No, you also need a residence permit or TIE card if you are a non-EU citizen. EU citizens need an NIE and registration certificate.

Do I need an NIE for a short stay?

Not usually. If you’re just visiting Spain as a tourist, an NIE is not required. However, if you plan to buy property or conduct financial activities, you will need one.

How long does an NIE number last?

The NIE itself never expires, but the certificate may have a validity period. You may need a new certificate for specific procedures.

What happens if my NIE application is rejected?

If rejected, you should review the reasons, correct any errors or missing documents, and reapply. You may need legal assistance for complex cases.