16 Things To Do In Istanbul: A Complete Guide

Istanbul is divided between Europe and Asia, shaped by the Ottoman Empire and the Roman Empire, and filled with historic and cultural landmarks. With so much to see, it’s easy to miss important sites or waste time on less rewarding attractions.

This guide lists the 16 best things to do in Istanbul. It covers key locations like Topkapi Palace, Hagia Sophia, and the Grand Bazaar, as well as practical tips for exploring the Asian side, trying street food, and using public transport.

If you’re unsure where to begin or want to make the most of your time, this guide will give you a clear, focused plan to follow.

This guide covers attractions such as:

• Experience the Extravagance of Topkapı Palace
• Marvel at the Hagia Sophia
• Lose Yourself in Istanbul’s Bazaar District
• Ride Istanbul’s Ferries
• Surrender to the Steam in a Bath House,
• Hang Out With the Cool Kids in Kadıköy

An Overview of Istanbul

Istanbul is a hub of culture, commerce, and history. Beyond its landmarks, the city functions as a gateway for international investors, digital nomads, and frequent travelers looking for a long-term connection to Turkey.

For those who visit frequently or plan to invest, holding a Turkish passport offers practical advantages—making it easier to enjoy extended stays, purchase property, or explore business opportunities while experiencing the full depth of this vibrant city.

Best Things to do in Istanbul

Istanbul offers a mix of historical landmarks, cultural experiences, and vibrant street life. Whether it’s your first visit or a return trip, these are the 16 top activities that capture the essence of the city.

Experience the Extravagance of Topkapı Palace

Topkapı Palace is a top attraction in Istanbul, offering a direct connection to the city’s Ottoman Empire past. As the official residence of the Ottoman sultans for nearly 400 years, it also served as the empire’s administrative center and a key symbol of imperial power.

Architectural and cultural highlights

The palace complex includes expansive courtyards, royal chambers, and detailed examples of Islamic art. The Imperial Harem, the Council Hall, and the Treasury are important areas. The Treasury features the famous Topkapı Dagger and Spoonmaker’s Diamond, two of the most valuable items from the Ottoman collection.

Scenic and strategic location

Located in the Sultanahmet district, the palace sits on a hill overlooking both the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus Strait. Its vantage point offers some of the best views in Istanbul, Turkey.

Tips for visitors

• Plan at least two hours to explore the full site, including ticketed areas like the Harem.
• The complex is large and partially open-air, so comfortable footwear is recommended.
• Early morning visits are best to avoid crowds.
• Audio guides or guided tours enhance the experience by providing historical context.

With its blend of history, architecture, and panoramic views, Topkapı Palace remains one of the most comprehensive historical experiences and a must among the top things to do in Istanbul.

Marvel at the Hagia Sophia

The Hagia Sophia is one of the most significant historical landmarks in Istanbul, Turkey. Originally constructed in 537 AD by a Byzantine emperor, it has served as a cathedral, mosque, and museum, each era leaving its architectural and cultural imprint.

Architectural and historical significance

Its central dome, supported by pendentives, was considered a marvel of engineering at the time and remains one of the most impressive in the world. The Hagia Sophia also features mosaics, calligraphy, and marble pillars representing Christian and Islamic traditions, reflecting the city’s complex religious history.

Location and accessibility

Situated in Sultanahmet Square, the Hagia Sophia is within walking distance of other major attractions such as the Blue Mosque and Topkapi Palace, making it an easy addition to any visitor’s list of things to do in Istanbul.

Tips for visitors

• The building is an active mosque, so visitors should dress modestly and be mindful of prayer times.
• Admission is free, but respectful conduct is expected.
• Visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid peak crowds.
• Photography is allowed, but flash and tripods are discouraged.

A visit to the Hagia Sophia offers deep insight into Istanbul’s evolution as a major city shaped by both the Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire.

Lose Yourself in Istanbul’s Bazaar District

Exploring Istanbul’s Bazaar District is a must for visitors seeking to experience the city’s rich commercial heritage. The area is home to two of Istanbul’s most renowned markets: the Grand Bazaar and the Spice Bazaar.

Grand Bazaar

Established in the 15th century, the Grand Bazaar (Kapalıçarşı) is one of the world’s largest and oldest covered markets. With over 4,000 shops spread across 61 covered streets, it attracts between 250,000 and 400,000 visitors daily. You can find many goods here, including jewelry, textiles, ceramics, and antiques.

Spice Bazaar

Located near the New Mosque in the Eminönü district, the Spice Bazaar (Mısır Çarşısı) dates back to the 17th century. It is renowned for its vibrant stalls offering spices, dried fruits, nuts, and traditional Turkish delights. The market provides a sensory experience with its rich aromas and colorful displays.

Tips for visitors

• Bargaining is customary in the Grand Bazaar; don’t hesitate to negotiate prices.
• Visit early in the day to avoid large crowds and have a more relaxed shopping experience.
• Keep an eye on your belongings, as the bustling markets can be targets for pickpockets.
• Both bazaars are closed on Sundays and public holidays.

Exploring these historic markets brings insight into Istanbul’s vibrant trade culture and provides an opportunity to purchase unique souvenirs.

Ride Istanbul’s Ferries

A ferry ride in Istanbul is one of the simplest and most scenic ways to experience the city. Connecting the European and Asian sides, these public ferries offer an unmatched view of Istanbul’s skyline, historic landmarks, and bustling harbors.

What to expect

Istanbul’s ferries serve daily commuters and tourists alike. Popular routes run between Eminönü, Kadıköy, Üsküdar, and Beşiktaş, passing major sights like the Galata Bridge, Maiden’s Tower, and Dolmabahçe Palace. These rides offer a unique perspective on the city’s layout across two continents.

Cultural insight

Ferries provide Turkish people with a glimpse into everyday life. Locals sip Turkish tea, read newspapers, or feed seagulls with simit (Turkish bagel), making it a low-cost way to engage with the city’s rhythm.

Tips for visitors

• Use your Istanbulkart for the best fares and easy boarding.
• Early morning and late afternoon rides offer the best lighting for photography.
• Sit on the open-air upper deck for clear views and fresh air.
• Avoid peak commuter hours if you want a more relaxed experience.

A ferry trip is affordable, scenic, and authentic. It is also one of the cheapest things to do in Istanbul and an ideal way to understand the city’s geographic and cultural scope.

Dive Into History at the Istanbul Archaeological Museums

The Istanbul Archaeological Museums complex is one of the richest historical collections in Istanbul, Turkey. Located near Topkapi Palace in the Sultanahmet district, it consists of three main sections: the Archaeology Museum, the Museum of the Ancient Orient, and the Tiled Kiosk Museum.

What you’ll see

The collection spans civilizations that shaped the region, including the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, and ancient Anatolia. Highlights include the Alexander Sarcophagus, artifacts from ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt, and Ottoman-era tiles.

The museums also house important finds from Troy and Sidon, providing insight into early Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cultures. The Tiled Kiosk also showcases early examples of Turkish and Islamic art.

Educational value

This museum complex offers a deep historical context for those interested in Istanbul’s ancient roots and the empires that shaped it. It complements visits to other historic sites like the Basilica Cistern and Hagia Sophia.

Tips for visitors

• Allocate at least 1–2 hours to explore all three museums.
• Descriptions are in Turkish and English, but a guided tour can add depth.
• Photography is permitted, though some exhibits restrict flash use.
• Combine this visit with Topkapi Palace, located right next door.

A visit to the Istanbul Archaeological Museums offers an understanding of this historic city’s long and layered history.

Revel in Istanbul’s Nightlife

Istanbul offers a diverse and energetic nightlife scene, especially in areas like Taksim Square, Istiklal Street, and Beyoğlu. From rooftop lounges to traditional meyhanes, the city provides something for every type of night out.

What to expect

Nightlife options range from live music bars and jazz clubs to waterfront venues and dance clubs. You can enjoy a cocktail with a view of the Golden Horn, attend a cultural show, or experience a whirling dervish performance for something traditional.

Local hotspots

• Istiklal Street: Packed with bars, live music venues, and late-night cafes.
• Kadıköy (Asian Side): Known for a younger crowd, street performances, and local bars.
• Galata: Offers a more relaxed atmosphere with scenic rooftop bars.
• Bosphorus Cruises: Evening cruises offer food, music, and stunning views of Istanbul lit up at night.

Tips for visitors

• Most venues stay open late; reservations are recommended for popular spots.
• Dress codes vary—smart casual is generally safe.
• Use official taxis or public transport late at night for safety.
• Alcohol is served widely, but local customs are always respected.

Exploring Istanbul’s nightlife is one of the most memorable things to do in Istanbul at night if you’re looking for a laid-back evening or lively entertainment.

Get Acquainted With Turkish Contemporary Art

Istanbul’s contemporary art scene reflects the city’s evolving identity. From modern galleries to experimental exhibitions, exploring Turkish art is a way to understand current cultural movements beyond the city’s historical landmarks.

Venues

• Istanbul Modern: The city’s premier contemporary art museum, showcasing Turkish and international artists across painting, photography, sculpture, and digital media.
• Pera Museum: Features a mix of Orientalist art, Anatolian artifacts, and rotating modern exhibitions.
• Arter and SALT Galata: Known for conceptual installations and multimedia work.

What to expect

Exhibitions cover various topics, including urban life, identity, politics, and traditional reinterpretations. These galleries are often housed in restored historic buildings, blending old and new in typical Istanbul fashion.

Tips for Visitors

• Check museum websites for current exhibitions and entry fees.
• Some galleries offer free admission on certain days.
• Many venues have cafes and bookstores, making them good stops for a relaxed afternoon.
• Combine visits with nearby attractions like Istiklal Street or Galata Tower.

Exploring contemporary art in Istanbul offers insight into how modern Turkish people express evolving cultural narratives—an important and often overlooked part of the best things to do in Istanbul.

Surrender to the Steam in a Bath House

A visit to a traditional Turkish bath, or hammam, is one of the most authentic things to do in Istanbul. These historic bath houses offer a cleansing and relaxing experience rooted in centuries-old local customs.

Top hammams to visit

• Hurrem Sultan Hammamı: Located between the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, this 16th-century bath was built for the wife of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent.
• Çemberlitaş Hammamı: Designed by Mimar Sinan, this bath is one of the oldest still in use.
• Kılıç Ali Paşa Hammamı: A restored Ottoman-era hammam located in the Karaköy district.

What to expect

A typical hammam experience includes a steam session, body scrub, foam massage, and optional oil massage. Facilities usually have separate sections or hours for men and women. The interior architecture—domed ceilings, marble platforms, and hot stone slabs—adds to the unique atmosphere.

Tips for visitors

• Bring a change of clothes; towels and slippers are usually provided.
• Some hammams require bathing suits, but traditional methods may use a peshtemal (cotton wrap).
• Avoid large meals before your visit.
• Booking in advance is recommended, especially during weekends.

A session in a Turkish bath is relaxing and a cultural experience, blending wellness and tradition in the heart of Istanbul, Turkey.

Hang Out With the Cool Kids in Kadıköy

Located on the Asian side of Istanbul, Kadıköy is known for its laid-back vibe, creative atmosphere, and active street life. It’s a popular area for young locals, artists, and students.

What to expect

Kadıköy features a mix of boutique shops, book cafés, record stores, and street art. The neighborhood is also a hotspot for street food, offering everything from stuffed mussels to Turkish wraps. Moda, a subdistrict of Kadıköy, is especially popular for seaside walks and trendy hangouts.

Cultural highlights

The district hosts local art galleries, small theaters, and weekend markets. Music lovers can find live performances in independent venues, and the Whirling Dervish shows sometimes take place in cultural centers nearby.

Tips for visitors

• Take the ferry from Eminönü or Karaköy for the best approach.
• Ideal for afternoon and evening visits.
• Visit on weekends to enjoy open-air markets and live street performances.
• Don’t miss trying local specialties like Turkish craft beer and coffee.

Kadıköy offers a different side of Istanbul—modern, youthful, and local. It’s one of the coolest things to do in Istanbul beyond the main tourist routes.

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Gaze at the Mosaics and Frescoes of the Chora Church

The Chora Church, known as the Kariye Museum, is one of the finest examples of Byzantine religious art worldwide. Located in the Edirnekapı neighborhood, it offers a quieter but equally enriching alternative to more frequented sites.

What you’ll see

Built in the 4th century and rebuilt several times, the church is renowned for its 14th-century mosaics and frescoes. These artworks depict detailed scenes from the lives of Jesus Christ and the Virgin Mary, showcasing exceptional craftsmanship and narrative depth.

Historical significance

Though smaller than Hagia Sophia, the Chora Church holds equal artistic and religious importance. The building served as a mosque during the Ottoman period and was later restored as a museum, preserving both Christian and Islamic elements.

Tips for visitors

• Photography is allowed, but flash is prohibited to protect the artworks.
• The site is less crowded than central landmarks, offering a more peaceful visit.
• Closed on Wednesdays—plan accordingly.
• Combine your visit with a walk through the nearby old town walls.

A visit to the Chora Church provides a glimpse into the artistic legacy of the Byzantine Empire and is a key cultural stop among the more unique things to do in Istanbul.

Sample the Flavors of Istanbul

Exploring Istanbul through its food is one of the most rewarding ways to understand the city’s culture. The local cuisine blends Ottoman Empire influences with Middle Eastern, Mediterranean, and Balkan flavors. From street snacks to market specialties, food is central to daily life in Istanbul.

What to try

• Street Food: Try classics like simit (sesame bagel), döner, roasted chestnuts, and stuffed baked potatoes in Ortaköy.
• Traditional Dishes: Sample kebabs, mezes, and fresh seafood along the Bosphorus Strait.
• Sweet Treats: Indulge in Turkish delight and baklava at iconic shops like Hafiz Mustafa.
• Drinks: Finish with strong Turkish coffee or apple tea, commonly served in tulip-shaped glasses.

Local dining spots

• Kadıköy and Beşiktaş offer authentic local eateries.
• Çiya Kebab in Kadıköy is known for regional Anatolian dishes.
• Markets like the Spice Bazaar and neighborhood bakeries are ideal for food souvenirs.

Tips for visitors

• Street food is generally safe, but choose vendors with high turnover.
• Tipping in restaurants is customary (5–10%).
• Avoid tourist-only areas if you want more authentic experiences.\n- Be mindful of dietary restrictions, as menus may not always list allergens.

Trying local food is one of the best things to do in Istanbul with family, friends, or alone. The city’s diverse culinary scene offers both cheap activities and memorable dining experiences.

Admire the Architecture of Süleymaniye Mosque

The Süleymaniye Mosque is one of the most architecturally significant religious structures in Istanbul. Commissioned by Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and designed by Mimar Sinan, it stands as a testament to Ottoman architectural excellence.

Architectural significance

Completed in the 16th century, the mosque blends Islamic and Byzantine design elements. Its massive dome, symmetrical courtyards, and elegant minarets reflect the peak of Ottoman architectural style. The interior features refined Islamic arts, calligraphy, and stained glass.

Cultural and historical context

As an active mosque, it continues to serve religious functions. The complex also includes a madrasa, hospital, and hammam, showcasing the multifunctional role of religious buildings during the Ottoman Empire.

Panoramic location

Situated on one of Istanbul’s seven hills, the mosque overlooks the Golden Horn and provides one of the best vantage points in the city for photography and quiet reflection.

Tips for visitors

• Open to non-Muslims outside of prayer times.
• Dress modestly; head coverings are available at the entrance.
• Free admission, but donations are welcome.
• Combine this visit with a walk through nearby historical areas and local cafés.

Visiting the Süleymaniye Mosque is a chance to appreciate both the city’s religious heritage and its visual beauty, making it one of the best things to do in Istanbul.

Go Underground at the Basilica Cistern

The Basilica Cistern is one of the most atmospheric historical sites in Istanbul. It offers a glimpse into the city’s Roman Empire heritage. Built in the 6th century by Emperor Justinian I, it once supplied water to the Great Palace and surrounding buildings.

What you’ll see

This vast underground structure features 336 marble columns, many repurposed from earlier Roman structures. Highlights include the two Medusa head carvings and the eerie lighting that enhances its tranquil ambiance.

Architectural and historical value

The cistern showcases the engineering skill of the Byzantine Empire, with vaulted ceilings and brick walls that have stood for centuries. It is both functional and artistic, making it one of the most unique things to do in Istanbul.

Tips for visitors

• The cistern is dimly lit and has wet floors—wear appropriate footwear.
• Photography is allowed, but use caution with low lighting.
• It’s a popular site—early morning or late afternoon visits are best to avoid crowds.
• Audio guides provide useful historical context.

A visit to the Basilica Cistern adds a mysterious, underground layer to your understanding of Istanbul’s complex history and architecture.

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Go Tile-Mad at the Blue Mosque

The Blue Mosque, officially known as the Sultan Ahmed Mosque, is one of the most visited landmarks in Istanbul, Turkey. Famous for its interior, which is lined with over 20,000 striking blue tiles, it remains an active mosque and a major symbol of Ottoman religious architecture.

Architectural features

Constructed in the early 17th century under Sultan Ahmed I, the mosque features six minarets, cascading domes, and a vast courtyard. Inside, the Iznik tiles, stained glass windows, and Arabic calligraphy create a serene yet grand atmosphere.

Cultural and religious importance

Unlike some historical mosques, the Blue Mosque continues to function as a place of worship. It represents a fusion of Islamic arts and imperial ambition, positioned directly opposite the Hagia Sophia in Sultanahmet Square.

Tips for visitors

• Entry is free, but donations are appreciated.
• Visitors must dress modestly; headscarves are available at the entrance.
• Closed to tourists during daily prayer times.
• Early morning or late afternoon visits are less crowded.

The Blue Mosque is a must-see for anyone interested in Ottoman architecture and religious heritage.

Ogle the Opulence of Dolmabahçe Palace

Dolmabahçe Palace is one of the most lavish landmarks in Istanbul. It reflects the late Ottoman Empire’s embrace of European architectural styles. Built in the mid-19th century, it replaced Topkapi Palace as the main residence of the Ottoman sultans.

Architectural highlights

The palace blends Baroque, Rococo, and Neoclassical elements with traditional Ottoman design. Inside, visitors will find grand staircases, gold-plated ceilings, and the world’s largest Bohemian crystal chandelier—one of many features that showcase its opulence.

Historical relevance

As the last administrative seat of the empire, Dolmabahçe played a key role during a time of modernization. It also served as the residence of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey, during his visits to Istanbul.

Tips for visitors

• Entry requires a ticket; guided tours are highly recommended for context.
• Photography is not allowed inside most rooms.
• Closed on Mondays; plan your visit accordingly.
• Arrive early to avoid long lines, especially during peak season.

With its location along the Bosphorus Strait and rich interior detailing, Dolmabahçe Palace is one of the most visually striking and historically important sights to see in Istanbul.

Frequently Asked Questions About Things to Do in Istanbul

What shouldn’t I miss in Istanbul?

Don’t miss key landmarks like Hagia Sophia, Topkapi Palace, the Blue Mosque, and the Grand Bazaar. A ferry ride on the Bosphorus Strait also offers a unique perspective of the city.

Do people speak English in Istanbul?

English is widely accepted in tourist areas, hotels, and restaurants. Learning a few basic Turkish phrases is helpful but not essential for navigating the city.

What are the best things to do in Istanbul for first-time visitors?

Visit the Sultanahmet Square area for top sights like Hagia Sophia, Blue Mosque, and Basilica Cistern. Also, explore local culture in the Grand Bazaar and take a scenic ferry to the Asian side.

What are some unique things to do in Istanbul beyond the usual tourist spots?

Explore Kadıköy, attend a whirling dervish performance, or visit Chora Church. These spots offer insight into local life and Byzantine history.

What are the most romantic things to do in Istanbul for couples?

Walk along Galata Bridge at sunset, dine by the Bosphorus, or watch the skyline from Pierre Loti hill. These are among the most romantic things to do in Istanbul.

What are the best free places to visit in Istanbul?

Top free spots include Sultanahmet Square, Galata Bridge, and public parks. Many mosques like the Süleymaniye Mosque are also open to visitors at no charge.

What are some fun things to do in Istanbul in December?

Visit indoor sites like museums, bazaars, and historic mosques. Warm up in a Turkish bath and enjoy festive lights around major squares.

What are the best things to do on the Asian side of Istanbul?

Explore Kadıköy, try food at Çiya Kebab, and walk along the coast in Moda. The Asian side offers a quieter, local experience.

Are there unique night activities in Istanbul for couples?

Yes—take an evening ferry ride, enjoy a romantic rooftop dinner, or attend a traditional music show or whirling dervish performance.

What are some fun indoor things to do in Istanbul during winter?

Visit Topkapi Palace, Istanbul Archaeological Museums, or enjoy a steam session in a historical Turkish bath.

What are Istanbul’s best hidden gems to explore?

Check out neighborhoods like Balat, visit Chora Church, and stroll through local markets off the main tourist paths.

What’s open late in Istanbul for entertainment or sightseeing?

Taksim Square, Istiklal Street, and many bars, cafés, and restaurants stay open late. Some night markets and cultural events also run into the evening.

What are the best street food experiences in Istanbul for budget travelers?

Try döner, simit, stuffed mussels, and stuffed baked potatoes. Street vendors in areas like Taksim and Kadıköy offer excellent options.

Can I explore long-term opportunities while visiting Istanbul as a tourist?

Yes. Many visitors who fall in love with the city’s culture, lifestyle, and investment potential explore the option of Turkey citizenship by investment. This program allows you to invest in real estate while enjoying the best things to do in Istanbul—from cultural sites to local cuisine.