Global Passport Index: An In-Depth Analysis

Table of contents
Contributors
Share this post:

Introduction

Global Citizen Solutions is proud to unveil the second edition of its revised 2023 Global Passport Index—a comprehensive and data-driven tool that reveals the real strength behind a passport. Building on the rigorous research and methodology established with our 2022 Index, this updated edition offers fresh insights into the world’s most powerful passports, ranking global citizenships based on a broader, more meaningful set of criteria.

What truly drives someone to pursue second citizenship? It goes far beyond visa-free travel. Today’s global citizens consider factors like economic mobility, quality of life, ease of doing business, and investment potential when choosing a second passport. The Global Passport Index was developed to reflect these deeper priorities—offering a more nuanced view of what makes a passport truly valuable.

Explore the world’s top-ranked passports in 2024—and discover which citizenships offer the greatest opportunities for freedom, stability, and global mobility.

Redefining Global Citizenship (Methodology)

While most indexes exclusively look at a passport’s travel privileges, that doesn’t tell the full story. We created a new methodology to determine a country’s allure for relocation, investment, or dual citizenship purposes. The result? Individuals can easily use our ranking system to discover a passport’s strength with three standalone indexes: Enhanced Global Mobility Index, Investment Index, and Quality of Life Index

Global passport worksheet featuring sections for personal information, travel history, and visa requirements.

Top Passports for Mobility, Investment, and Quality of Life

The Enhanced Mobility Index, the first of three dimensions in the Global Passport Index, holds the most weight, contributing 50% to the composite score. In this category, Singapore ranks first, followed by France and Italy. For the Economy Index, which evaluates an economy’s attractiveness for investment and business decisions, Singapore again takes the top spot, with Switzerland and Monaco following closely behind. Lastly, the Best Passports for Quality of Life assess factors like infrastructure, cost of living, personal and political freedom, environmental quality, and attitudes towards foreigners.

Global Passport
Enhanced Mobility
Investment
Quality of Life
Global Passport Index
Country
1st
se-1.svg
Sweden
Enhanced Mobility Index: 8th
Investment Index: 11th
Quality of Life Index: 1st
2nd
de-1.svg
Germany
Enhanced Mobility Index: 9th
Investment Index: 16th
Quality of Life Index: 3rd
3rd
fi-1.svg
Finland
Enhanced Mobility Index: 10th
Investment Index: 27th
Quality of Life Index: 2nd
4th
ch-1.svg
Switzerland
Enhanced Mobility Index: 12th
Investment Index: 2nd
Quality of Life Index: 46th
5th
nl-1.svg
The Netherlands
Enhanced Mobility Index: 4th
Investment Index: 17th
Quality of Life Index: 7th
6th
gb-1.svg
United Kingdom
Enhanced Mobility Index: 20th
Investment Index: 13th
Quality of Life Index: 8th
7th
dk-1.svg
Denmark
Enhanced Mobility Index: 11th
Investment Index: 24th
Quality of Life Index: 4th
8th
ie-1.svg
Ireland
Enhanced Mobility Index: 7th
Investment Index: 19th
Quality of Life Index: 11th
9th
lu-1.svg
Luxembourg
Enhanced Mobility Index: 15th
Investment Index: 20th
Quality of Life Index: 10th
10th
no-1.svg
Norway
Enhanced Mobility Index: 18th
Investment Index: 21st
Quality of Life Index: 9th
Enhanced Mobility Index
Country
Destinations By Visa Requirements
Visa Required
ETA or VISA on Arrival
Visa Free
Access
1st
sg-1.svg
Singapore
Enhanced Mobility Score: 100.00
Visa Required: 18
ETA or VISA on Arrival: 44
VISA Free: 136
Access: 180
2nd
fr-1.svg
France
Enhanced Mobility Score: 98.53
Visa Required: 16
ETA or VISA on Arrival: 54
VISA Free: 128
Access: 182
3rd
it-1.svg
Italy
Enhanced Mobility Score: 98.45
Visa Required: 16
ETA or VISA on Arrival: 53
VISA Free: 129
Access: 182
4th
nl-1.svg
The Netherlands
Enhanced Mobility Score: 97.98
Visa Required: 16
ETA or VISA on Arrival: 54
VISA Free: 128
Access: 182
5th
es-1.svg
Spain
Enhanced Mobility Score: 97.88
Visa Required: 16
ETA or VISA on Arrival: 55
VISA Free: 127
Access: 182
6th
be-1.svg
Belgium
Enhanced Mobility Score: 97.85
Visa Required: 17
ETA or VISA on Arrival: 52
VISA Free: 129
Access: 181
7th
ie-1.svg
Ireland
Enhanced Mobility Score: 97.74
Visa Required: 16
ETA or VISA on Arrival: 58
VISA Free: 124
Access: 182
9th
de-1.svg
Germany
Enhanced Mobility Score: 97.72
Visa Required: 17
ETA or VISA on Arrival: 55
VISA Free: 126
Access: 181
10th
fi-1.svg
Finland
Enhanced Mobility Score: 97.72
Visa Required: 17
ETA or VISA on Arrival: 53
VISA Free: 128
Access: 181
8th
se-1.svg
Sweden
Enhanced Mobility Score: 97.72
Visa Required: 17
ETA or VISA on Arrival: 53
VISA Free: 128
Access: 181
Investment Index
Country
Market & Innovation
GNI Per Capita
Personal Taxation
1st
sg-1.svg
Singapore
Score: 85.5
Market & Innovation: Most favorable
GNI Per Capita: $102,450
Personal Taxation: 22%
2nd
ch-1.svg
Switzerland
Score: 82.3
Market & Innovation: Most favorable
GNI Per Capita: $75,860
Personal Taxation: 40%
3rd
mc-1.svg
Monaco
Score: 81.2
Market & Innovation: Most favorable
GNI Per Capita: $75,000
Personal Taxation: 0%
4th
us-1.svg
The United States of America
Score: 79.2
Market & Innovation: Most favorable
GNI Per Capita: $70,480
Personal Taxation: 37%
5th
hk-1.svg
Hong Kong
Score: 78.9
Market & Innovation: Most favorable
GNI Per Capita: $70,700
Personal Taxation: 15%
6th
ae-1.svg
The United Arab Emirates
Score: 78.6
Market & Innovation: Most favorable
GNI Per Capita: $66,680
Personal Taxation: 0%
7th
ad-1.svg
Andorra
Score: 72.9
Market & Innovation: Most favorable
GNI Per Capita: $37,432
Personal Taxation: 10%
8th
mo-1.svg
Macao
Score: 71.9
Market & Innovation: Most favorable
GNI Per Capita: $72,260
Personal Taxation: 12%
9th
li-2.svg
Liechtenstein
Score: 71.8
Market & Innovation: Most favorable
GNI Per Capita: $75,000
Personal Taxation: 22.4%
10th
bs-1.svg
The Bahamas
Score: 71.7
Market & Innovation: Least favorable
GNI Per Capita: $31,870
Personal Taxation: 0%
Quality Index
Country
Sustainable Development
Cost of LIving
Happiness
1st
se-1.svg
Sweden
Score: 88.5
100
Sustainable Development: Very High
50
Cost of Living: High
100
Happiness: Very High
2nd
fi-1.svg
Finland
Score: 87.10
100
Sustainable Development: Very High
25
Cost of Living: Very High
100
Happiness: Very High
3rd
de-1.svg
Germany
Score: 83.30
100
Sustainable Development: Very High
50
Cost of Living: High
100
Happiness: Very High
4th
dk-1.svg
Denmark
Score: 83.10
100
Sustainable Development: Very High
25
Cost of Living: Very High
100
Happiness: Very High
5th
es-1.svg
Spain
Score: 81.90
100
Sustainable Development: Very High
50
Cost of Living: High
100
Happiness: Very High
7th
nl-1.svg
The Netherlands
Score: 81.4
100
Sustainable Development: Very High
25
Cost of Living: Very High
100
Happiness: Very High
6th
pt-1.svg
Portugal
Score: 81.4
100
Sustainable Development: Very High
75
Cost of Living: Medium
100
Happiness: Very High
9th
no-1.svg
Norway
Score: 81.3
100
Sustainable Development: Very High
25
Cost of Living: Very High
100
Happiness: Very High
8th
gb-1.svg
United Kingdom
Score: 81.30
100
Sustainable Development: Very High
50
Cost of Living: High
100
Happiness: Very High
11th
ie-1.svg
Ireland
Score: 80.80
100
Sustainable Development: Very High
25
Cost of Living: Very High
100
Happiness: Very High

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Global Passport Index serves as a crucial tool for understanding the strength and mobility of passports worldwide. By examining the visa-free access and overall rankings of different countries, this index helps individuals make informed decisions about international travel and residency. It also highlights the global disparities in passport power and encourages governments to strengthen their diplomatic ties and visa policies for better global accessibility.

Share this post:

Explore More with Related Indexes

Digital Nomad Index
New
1st
Flag_of_Spain
Spain
2nd
Flag_of_the_Netherlands
Netherlands
3rd
Uruguay
Uruguay
Global Education Index
New
1st
United_States
United States
2nd
United_Kingdom
United Kingdom
3rd
Flag_of_Australia_(converted)
Australia
RCBI Index
New
1st
Flag_of_Greece
Greece
2nd
Flag_of_Malta
Malta
3rd
Switzerland
Switzerland
icon-logo-star-blue

We’ll Help You Navigate

Beyond simply measuring a passport’s mobility score, we created a comprehensive tool that offers a holistic perspective on global mobility and country attractiveness through three distinct dimensions: the Enhanced Mobility Index, the Investment Index, and the Quality of Life Index. Each index allows users to filter and compare individual country rankings. The Enhanced Mobility Index considers visa requirements and mobility quality; the Investment Index incorporates Gross National Income (GNI) per capita, personal income tax rates, and selected pillars from the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Index (GCI); and the Quality of Life Index evaluates socioeconomic development (SDGs), cost of living, freedom, happiness, environmental performance, and migrant acceptance.

Yes, the Index is updated on a yearly basis. Whenever the primary sources we rely on update their indicators, we incorporate those revisions into our methodology to ensure the ranking reflects the most current and reliable data available.

Passport rankings fluctuate annually as the indicators in our methodology evolve. Factors such as visa-free access, economic performance, and quality of life all play a role. Shifts in diplomatic agreements, economic policies, or social conditions (including safety and human rights) can significantly affect a country’s scores across the Enhanced Mobility, Investment, and Quality of Life Indexes, ultimately impacting its overall ranking.

icon-logo-star

Let's Talk About Your Next Move

Whether you’re seeking second citizenship or residency, planning a relocation, or building a cross-border mobility strategy, we’ll help you take the next step.

Contact Us

Privacy Overview
Global Citizen Solutions logo featuring a stylized globe and modern typography in blue and green colors.

This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.

Strictly Necessary Cookies

Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings.

Analytics

This website uses Google Analytics to collect anonymous information such as the number of visitors to the site, and the most popular pages.

Keeping this cookie enabled helps us to improve our website.