NIE Spain: Step by Step Guide to Obtain the NIE in Spain

The NIE Spain (Número de Identificación de Extranjero), also known as Foreign Identity Number, is a unique tax identification number assigned to non-Spanish individuals. A NIE is not a residence permit, but it is needed when applying for one.

The Spanish NIE number serves foreign nationals as identification with Spanish authorities and is necessary for several legal actions, such as opening a bank account, purchasing real estate, starting a business, and submitting taxes.

This guide will cover everything you need to know about obtaining a Spanish NIE number, including what the NIE number is, the application process, how to book your appointment, the required documentation and more.

In this guide, we will cover:

• What Is an NIE Number in Spain
• What is the NIE used for?
• How to Get an NIE in Spain: Step-by-Step Guide
• How to Book a NIE Appointment
• Documents Needed to Apply for an NIE
• How long does it take to get an NIE in Spain?
• How much does it cost to get a NIE Number in Spain?
• Renewing or Replacing Your NIE Card in Spain
• Types of NIE Numbers

The NIE (Número de Identidad de Extranjero) is a unique identification number for foreigners in Spain. It is required for activities such as buying property, opening a bank account, or paying taxes. The number is permanent and usually issued as a paper NIE certificate, while residents receive a TIE card with the NIE printed on it. It is not a visa, but an official ID and tax number needed for legal and financial matters in Spain, even for non-residents

There are two main types of NIE in Spain: resident and non-resident. Both serve as identification numbers for foreigners, but the key difference lies in whether or not the person is legally living in Spain. If you plan to live in Spain long-term, you will need a resident NIE, which is issued alongside or after getting a residence permit. Examples of residence permits include the Spain Digital Nomad Visa, the Spain Non-Lucrative Visa, or the Spain Highly Qualified Professional Visa. If you are not planning to live in Spain full-time but need to handle legal or financial matters, such as buying property, you will need a non-resident NIE.

Possessing an NIE is mandatory for various activities in Spain, including:

• Purchasing property: An NIE is required to buy real estate in Spain.
• Employment: Both EU and non-EU citizens need an NIE to gain an employment contract in Spain.
• Financial transactions: Opening a bank account, obtaining a loan, or engaging in other financial activities necessitate an NIE.
• Tax obligations: The NIE is used to track tax payments and is required for filing taxes.
• Social security and healthcare: Registering for social security benefits and accessing public healthcare services requires an NIE.
• Conduct business or investments: Required for setting up a business, buying shares, or registering a company.
• Inherit assets in Spain: Needed to pay inheritance tax and complete legal procedures.

How to Get a NIE in Spain: Step-by-Step Guide

The NIE application process differs slightly depending on whether you are applying from inside or outside Spain, but it always involves an in-person appointment, specific documentation, and payment of a government fee. Below is a step-by-step guide outlining how to apply for a NIE.

• Step 1: Decide where to apply and make an appointment: To schedule an appointment online for an NIE application, visit the Spanish Ministry of the Interior’s website and follow the instructions. If outside Spain, you need to contact the Spanish diplomatic mission or the Spanish consulate office for your area and arrange an appointment according to their procedures.
• Step 2: Complete the application form (EX-15): Fill in the form with your personal details and state the reason you need a NIE (for example, buying property or opening a bank account).
• Step 3: Prepare the required documents: Bring your valid passport (original and copy), the completed EX-15 form, and proof of why you need a NIE.
• Step 4: Pay the government fee: Pay the small application fee using Form 790 and keep the receipt.
• Step 5: Attend your appointment: Submit your documents in person. Your Spanish tax identification number will be issued within approximately two weeks, although the process may take longer in some cases.

You must prepare all your documents to support your application when applying for a Spanish NIE (Número de Identificación de Extranjero) at a Spanish consular office. These are the documents needed.

• EX-15 application form: Complete it online (but don’t sign it yet). It must state your economic, professional, or social reason for applying.
• Proof of why you need a NIE: Any document that shows a valid reason (e.g., work contract, property purchase).
• Valid passport: Two passport-sized photos. Non-EU citizens: Carry your landing card, visa, or any other evidence that verifies their legal entry into Spain
• If using a representative: Provide their passport or ID (original and copy) and a power of attorney, apostilled, showing they’re allowed to apply for you.
• If the applicant is a minor: Include the family book or birth certificate/guardianship documentation, and the ID of the parent or guardian.
• Proof of residence: Show you live in the consular area where you apply.
• Form 790, Code 12: This is the tax form for paying the NIE application fee; it must be filled out correctly.

A NIE is issued by the General Commissariat for Immigration and Borders, part of the Spanish Directorate-General for the Police. Processing times cannot be shortened by the Consular Office. Typically, the NIE is issued within about two weeks, though delays can occur due to factors outside the administration’s control. The number is sent to the applicant by email, so it’s important to include a valid email address on the application form for notifications.

To renew or replace your NIE card, you must make an appointment at the National Police Station, get the necessary paperwork ready, such as your passport, EX-15 form, proof of income, and payment for the fee, and adhere to local protocols.